SATA errors with flaky power cable
Just for the record—a bad SATA power cable is capable of provoking intermittent errors such as the following:
ata4: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x4050002 action 0xe frozen ata4: irq_stat 0x00400040, connection status changed ata4: SError: { RecovComm PHYRdyChg CommWake DevExch } ata4: hard resetting link ata4: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) ata4: EH complete
Two chassis fans and a disk were sharing a single 4-pin molex connector from the power supply. The problem was that the pin sockets on the fan connectors were loose and misaligned, and one of them became dislodged when the disk connector was plugged in. Pushing the pins into place and reattaching the connectors solved the problem.